Apa itu forex spot
Parties transact with banks on the retail level, while banks transact with other banks on the wholesale level. Central banks play a critical role in ensuring the proper functioning of the market. National regulators around the world have found misconduct in the spot forex market and have expressed the need for greater regulation of the market.
Notably, these fines were essentially related to their internal practices, and the actions of individual traders. This includes sanctions for abusive behaviour, record-keeping obligations for firms and obligations to report suspicious behaviour. One of the major reasons cited in the past for not subjecting spot forex to regulatory authority, is that the market is already subject to internal banking regulations, and banks are sophisticated institutions.
Additionally, unlike in the derivatives field, which entails some speculation and risk, spot transactions are a simple sale transaction at a negotiated price. In fact, according to some sources, extensive regulation in the spot forex market would prevent efficient functioning and market liquidity. Given the findings of misconduct, however, it is clear that many banks had failed to integrate the provisions of the codes into their internal control systems.
According to ESMA, a significant portion of the market has signed on to these principles. The Global Index of Public Registers, which was introduced for members to publicly declare their adoption of the code, and which functions as a public accountability mechanism, currently lists entries. The terms of reference for the code are reviewed on a yearly basis and are, where necessary, amended.
The code has been enthusiastically embraced by some market participants, including the European Central Bank, which has in fact made it a prerequisite for membership in its Foreign Exchange Contact Group, and stated that members that have signed on to the code will be required to demonstrate their commitment to the code in line with the terms of reference. However, independent of the market players themselves, there is no official supervision of compliance with the code and no threat of, or imposition of sanctions for failure to adhere to the code.
Additionally, findings by national regulators have shown that, conduct by just a few individuals at a small number of banks can have major consequences on the market, so it is important that rules are put in place that apply to all market players. An inclusion of spot forex contracts in the MAR would regulate the types of activities, including the exchange of sensitive information and trading plans, and the coordination of trading plans which the EC declared an infringement of competition law in its decision.
The characteristics of a forward currency transaction are defined in relation to a benchmark spot rate for the day's trading. When the forward rate is above the spot rate, the currency is said to be in contango; when the spot rate is above the forward rate, it is in backwardation. But how is a forward rate determined?
Calculation of forward rates Forward rates are not listed on the market. These are the rates that are used to calculate forward rates. From the viewpoint of the trader quoting the transaction, the forward currency transaction entails three operations: A spot transaction running in the same direction as the forward. A loan of the currency bought on the same terms as the forward transaction the loan pay-back incoming cash flow coinciding with the forward purchase.
A borrowing of the currency sold pay-back flow coinciding with the forward sale. The graph below illustrates the logic of a forward purchase of currency C1 for C2. Bear in mind that the dotted lines do not represent real cash flows but are only used to illustrate transaction logic. Only the cash flows at value date lines are the real cash flows of the transaction.
The trader must quote a forward purchase of amount A1 of currency C1. Where N is the loan's life in days. This is a bit complicated but once the formula is input into the Excel program, we don't have to think about it anymore! This means that the forward price is not an anticipated future spot rate, despite what we might think. It is nonetheless based on a currency evaluation via market rates.
The contango or backwardation, defined above, depend on the level of currency interest rates. When the forward exchange rate is such that a forward trade costs more than a spot trade today costs, there is said to be a forward premium.
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Apa itu forex spot rules of poker betting chart
Forex Trading Indicators To Spot Trends - How To Identify \u0026 Follow The TrendBITCOIN REVELATION
Biaya yang dikenakan forex spot terbagi menjadi komisi dan spread, sedangkan forex berjangka hanya ada komisi. Pada physical market, trader diharuskan membayar komisi dan spread untuk setiap transaksi. Ada juga banyak broker ritel spot yang membebankan biaya keduanya. Selain itu, broker juga membebankan bunga inap yang bervariasi sesuai dengan pasangan mata uang dari posisi trader. Untuk anda yang melakukan transaksi di pasar bursa, maka kuotasinya sederhana dan intuitif, tidak ada celah menambahkan poin.
Tentu saja, biaya komisi masing-masing broker berbeda. Sebagai perbandingan, biaya forex berjangka secara signifikan lebih rendah daripada transaksi forex spot. Forex berjangka berdenominasi pada mata uang dolar AS Artinya setiap transaksi nilai tukar uang terhitung dengan satuan harga dolar AS.
Bandingkan tiga gambar di bawah ini. Nilai setiap poin pada forex berjangka berbeda dengan nilai tukar mata uang pada forex spot Artinya dalam kontrak berjangka mata uang asing, nilai setiap poin berbeda. Tetapi ketika Anda bertransaksi di pasar spot, nilai setiap poin berubah.
Forex berjangka memiliki jangka waktu, sedangkan forex spot tidak memiliki jangka waktu. Lebih spesifik, pasar spot adalah tempat mata uang dibeli dan dijual sesuai dengan harga saat ini. Harga itu, ditentukan oleh penawaran dan permintaan, merupakan cerminan dari banyak hal, termasuk tingkat bunga saat ini, kinerja ekonomi, sentimen terhadap situasi politik yang sedang berlangsung baik lokal maupun internasional , serta persepsi kinerja masa depan satu mata uang terhadap mata uang lainnya.
Ini adalah transaksi bilateral dengan mana satu pihak memberikan jumlah mata uang yang disepakati ke pihak counter dan menerima jumlah tertentu dari mata uang lain pada nilai tukar yang disetujui. Setelah posisi ditutup, penyelesaian dilakukan secara tunai. Meskipun pasar spot umumnya dikenal sebagai salah satu yang berhubungan dengan transaksi di masa sekarang bukan masa depan , perdagangan ini sebenarnya membutuhkan waktu dua hari untuk penyelesaian.
Apa itu Forwards and Futures Markets? Tidak seperti pasar spot, pasar forward dan futures tidak memperdagangkan mata uang yang sebenarnya. Sebaliknya, mereka berurusan dengan kontrak yang mewakili klaim untuk jenis mata uang tertentu, harga spesifik per unit, dan tanggal penyelesaian di masa depan.
Di pasar ke depan, kontrak dibeli dan dijual OTC antara dua pihak, yang menentukan ketentuan perjanjian antara mereka sendiri. Di pasar berjangka, kontrak berjangka dibeli dan dijual berdasarkan ukuran standar dan tanggal penyelesaian di pasar komoditas publik, seperti Chicago Mercantile Exchange. Kontrak berjangka memiliki rincian spesifik, termasuk jumlah unit yang diperdagangkan, tanggal pengiriman dan penyelesaian, dan kenaikan harga minimum yang tidak dapat disesuaikan.
Pertukaran bertindak sebagai mitra dari pedagang, memberikan izin dan penyelesaian. Baca juga : Apa Itu Forex Option dan Currency Trading Option Kedua jenis kontrak bersifat mengikat dan biasanya dibayar untuk uang tunai untuk pertukaran yang dipertanyakan pada saat kedaluwarsa, meskipun kontrak juga dapat dibeli dan dijual sebelum habis masa berlakunya.
Pasar ke depan dan berjangka dapat menawarkan perlindungan terhadap risiko ketika memperdagangkan mata uang. Biasanya, perusahaan-perusahaan internasional besar menggunakan pasar-pasar ini untuk melindungi nilai tukar mata uang di masa depan, tetapi para spekulator juga ambil bagian di pasar-pasar ini. Perhatikan bahwa Anda akan melihat ketentuan: FX, forex, pasar valuta asing, dan pasar mata uang. Istilah-istilah ini identik dan semua mengacu pada pasar forex.
Sumber: Investopedia.
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