Consortium blockchain ethereum
Use from 12 to 72 characters. Genesis block JSON string representing custom genesis block. Specifying a value for this parameter is optional. Ethereum account password The admin password used to secure the Ethereum account. Ethereum account passphrase The passphrase used to generate private key associated with the Ethereum account.
Consider a password with sufficient randomness to ensure a strong private key. This ID should be unique in the network. Use a value between 2 and Use a value between 1 and 5. This value can be found on leader's deployment output. Connection shared key A pre-established secret between the members of the consortium network that are establishing a gateway connection.
Use the default value unless you want to customize the deployment templates. After successful validation, select Create. Deployment can take 20 minutes or longer to complete. After deployment completes, review the deployment summary for Microsoft. Template in the deployment section of the resource group. The summary contains output values used to connect consortium members. While there are many valuable scenarios for the public Ethereum network, we expect in many enterprise scenarios, you will want to configure Ethereum to build out and deploy your own consortium network.
After reading this article, you will Obtain working knowledge of blockchain, Ethereum, and one consortium network architecture Learn how to deploy and configure a multi-node Ethereum consortium network with the published ARM template About blockchain For those of you new to the blockchain community, this is a great opportunity to learn about the technology in an easy and configurable manner on Azure. Blockchain is the underlying technology behind Bitcoin; however, it is much more than just a virtual currency.
It is a composite of existing database, distributed system, and cryptographic technologies that enables secure multi-party computation with guarantees around immutability, verifiability, auditability, and resiliency to attack.
Different implementations employ different mechanisms to provide these attributes. Ethereum is one such protocol, with several different implementations. While this article will not go into the details of the Ethereum protocol, implementations, architecture, or public network, it is still important to briefly describe a simplified application and network architecture to better understand the different deployment topology options now available.
Ultimately, there is no single canonical network layout; it all depends on the use cases and stage within the development lifecycle. Similar to applications interacting with databases today, decentralized applications will communicate and execute logic against the Ethereum blockchain.
A private Ethereum network consists of a peer-to-peer decentralized network of nodes. These nodes maintain a copy of the data store i. Smart contracts are the mechanism that allows for this complicated computation on the network, similar to stored procedures on traditional databases. Nodes are divided into mining and transaction nodes non-mining nodes. Transaction nodes maintain a copy of the distributed ledger, but are used to submit or look up transactions from the network.
A wallet is usually backed by a transaction node on the public network. Mining nodes process and commit transactions to the underlying distributed database i. Getting Started To begin, you will need an Azure subscription that can support deploying several virtual machines and standard storage accounts.
By default, most subscription types will support a small deployment topology without needing to increase quota. Note, you will be prompted to sign into your account and Azure subscription in the process if you are not already logged in.
Once signed in, you land within the Template deployment wizard as shown below. The template is pre-populated with the main azuredeploy. If you are interested in understanding or modifying the ARM template itself, select Edit to open the editor in the Azure portal. The Template Deployment will prompt you for a set of simple inputs to configure the deployment properly. Under the Basics section, you will provide values for standard parameters for any deployment, while under the Settings section, you will provide values for parameters specific to this blockchain consortium template.
The standard parameters include the subscription, resource group, and location to which to deploy resources. We recommend using a new separate resource group to avoid resource conflicts and for ease of management and deletion. Depending on the number of VMs being provisioned, deployment time can vary from a few minutes to tens of minutes.
Ethereum consortium network architecture on Azure While there is no single canonical architecture for a consortium network, this template provides a sample architecture to use to get started quickly. Fundamentally, the network consists of a set of shared transaction nodes with which an application can interact to submit transactions and a set of mining nodes per consortium member to record transactions. The network is illustrated in the figure below. Mining Nodes Each consortium member is given a separate, identical subnet containing one or more mining nodes, backed by a storage account.
The first default VM in the subnet is configured as a boot node to support dynamic discoverability of the nodes in the network. Mining nodes communicate with other mining nodes to come to consensus on the state of the underlying distributed ledger. There is no need for your application to be aware of or communicate with these nodes. Since we are focused on private networks, these nodes are isolated from inbound public internet traffic adding a secondary level of protection.
Outbound traffic is allowed, but not to the Ethereum discovery port. All nodes have the latest stable Go Ethereum Geth client software and are configured to be mining nodes. All nodes use the same Ethereum account Ethereum address and key pair that is protected by the Ethereum account password. The public private key pair generated from the Ethereum passphrase provided is stored on each of the Geth nodes. As mining nodes mine, they collect fees that are added to this account.
Transaction Nodes All consortium members share a set of load-balanced transaction nodes. These nodes are reachable from outside the virtual network so that applications can use these nodes to submit transactions or execute smart contracts within the blockchain networks. All nodes have the latest stable Go Ethereum Geth client software and are configured to maintain a complete copy of the distributed ledger.
These nodes use the same Ethereum account, protected by the Ethereum account password provided. We have explicitly separated the nodes that accept transactions from the nodes that mine transactions to ensure that the two actions are not competing for the same resources. We have also load-balanced the transaction nodes within an availability set to maintain high availability.
Ethereum configuration Besides the infrastructural footprint and configuration of nodes, the blockchain network itself is created. The genesis block is configured with the desired Ethereum network id, an appropriate mining difficulty, and a pre-configured account. The mining difficult varies depending on the number of mining nodes deployed to ensure mining time remains short even in the beginning.
Since the mining nodes use this account, their collected fees feed back into the account to ensure continual funds. Administrator page Once the deployment has completed successfully and all resources have been provisioned, you can go to the administrator page to get a simple view of your blockchain network.
To find the template output, select the resource group just deployed. Select the Overview tab, then Last Deployment. Finally, select Microsoft. Template and look for the outputs section. You can get a high level overview of the topology you just deployed by reviewing the Ethereum Node Status section. This section includes all node hostnames and the participant to which the node belongs. It also displays node connectivity with the peer count. Peer count is the minimum of the number of mining nodes in the network and twenty-five where twenty-five is the configured maximum peer count, as in the public Ethereum network.
Note, that peer count does not restrict the number of nodes that can be deployed within the network. Occasionally, you will see peer count fluctuate and be less for certain nodes. This is not always a sign that the nodes are unhealthy, since forks in the ledger can cause minor changes in peer count. Finally, you can inspect the latest block seen by each node in the network to determine forks or lags in the system.
The node status is refreshed every 10 seconds. Reload the page via the browser or "Reload" button to update the view. Create Ethereum Account To create an additional account, you can use a variety of solutions.
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